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Depression

What is Depression:

Depression is when an individual experiences persistent mood disorders or a loss of interest in daily activities. Depression and anxiety often go hand in hand, and symptoms of depression occur in several mood disorders like major depressive disorder, dysthymia, bipolar disorder, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMD). When an individual experiences depression they may also experience troubles with concentration, thoughts of dying, loss of sleep, or being fatigued. Children and adolescents may have symptoms such as irritability, acting out/ lashing out at others, or poor performance in school.

Major depressive disorder affects approximately 2% of children, 4-8% of adolescents, and approximately 7% of adults. Adolescent girls and women are about twice as likely as males to experience depression.

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Depression Symptoms Include:

  • Guilt
  • Irritability
  • Lack of enjoyment
  • Hopelessness
  • Withdrawing from close friends
  • Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
  • Repetitive negative thoughts and statements
  • Insomnia or Oversleeping
  • Change appetite or weight gain/loss

Depression and Anxiety Treatment:

  • Cognitive-Behavioral therapy (CBT) evaluates, challenges, and modifies dysfunctional thoughts that maintain depression.
  • Behavioral strategies are also used to increase pleasant activities to treat anhedonia.
  • Cognitive-Behavioral therapy (CBT) can be administered in individual or group formats. It is short-term (e.g., 20 sessions) and problem-focused. The most studied psychotherapy for depression, CBT has the largest weight of evidence for its efficacy.

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